Novalek - Kordon - Pond Amquel

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A true one-step liquid ammonia and chloramine remover
Nontoxic
Simple to Use
The original product that established the state-of-the-art in water conditioning technology regarding ammonia removal.

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION:
To avoid confusion it should be recognized that there are two products with the Pond AmQuel name - the original Pond AmQuel and the recently improved product and concentrated Pond AmQuel+. Pond AmQuel+ does all that Pond AmQuel does and a significant number of additional tasks as well. See in "ABOUT CONDITIONERS" the section "Comparison Between AmQuel and AmQuel+".

Kordon AmQuel, developed about 20 years ago, is the original product that established the state-of-the-art in water conditioning technology regarding ammonia removal. AmQuel quickly and effectively removes ammonia, chlorine and chloramines (three of the most toxic chemicals commonly found in aquatic systems) from freshwater and salt water. AmQuel is the first to be a true one-step liquid ammonia and chloramine remover that is simple to use. AmQuel is completely unlike dechlorinators which claim to "remove" chloramines. These products only break the chlorine-ammonia bond of chloramines by simple dechlorination, leaving the ammonia in the water. The resulting ammonia must be removed by bacterial action which can take days or weeks or by adsorption on granular or powdered zeolites (clinoptilolites). In addition, AmQuel functions as well in salt water as it does in fresh water; whereas zeolites do not remove ammonia in salt water. For detailed information on AmQuel's chemical structure click here: AMQUEL - HOW IT WORKS.

SPECIFICATIONS
Contains 100% sodium hydroxymethanesulfonate.

DOSAGE WITH LIQUID AMQUEL PRODUCTS
The "Standard Dose" of Pond AmQuel is one teaspoon (5 ml) per 10 gallons of fresh or salt water, or one liquid ounce (30 ml) per 60 gallons of water, or one cup (8 liquid ounces - 20 ml) per 480 gallons of water. For other measurements estimate the amounts needed, such as 1/4 teaspoon for 2.5 gallons of water, or 3 teaspoons for 30 gallons, etc.

To remove chlorine and chloramines (chlorine combined with ammonia) out of the tap from public water supplies add one Standard Dose (see definition above) to the water to break the bond between the chlorine and ammonia, and to remove all the chlorine, and ammonia that may be in public water supplies. This will remove up to 3 mg/L chloramines (as monochloramine, NH2Cl). No greater dose is needed for removing chloramines or chlorine from public water supplies.

To remove toxic ammonia compounds that build up in aquariums and ponds from the excretion of body wastes by fishes, invertebrates, bacteria, and other aquatic organisms start with a Standard Dose (see definition above). This Standard Dose not only removes the chlorine and chloramines described above, but will also remove (detoxify) at the same time 1.0 mg/L (= approx. 1.0 ppm) of all ammonia compounds in fresh or salt water. Use multiple doses to remove more than 1.0 mg/L ammonia from the water.
It is suggested that the ammonia concentration of the water be tested prior to the addition of Pond AmQuel to determine how much Pond AmQuel is needed. Also see Contraindications for when there may be problems in the use of Pond AmQuel). The pH of the water being treated affects the speed at which Pond AmQuel removes ammonia. The lower the pH, the slower Pond AmQuel works. At a pH of 7.0 (neutral) Pond AmQuel will remove the ammonia in less than 5 minutes. Several minutes more are needed at higher pHs.

To remove toxic nitrite, nitrate and other organic compounds that build up in aquariums and ponds from the excretion of body wastes by fishes, invertebrates, bacteria, and other aquatic organisms use Pond AmQuel+.

STABILITY
Pond AmQuel is stable indefinitely when stored in a cool, dark area away from heat and direct sunlight. Pond AmQuel must be kept tightly closed when not in use.

COMPATIBILITIES
Pond AmQuel is harmless to plants, fishes and invertebrates. This product is safe for use in aquariums and ponds and will not interfere with normal biological filtration. Pond AmQuel is compatible with Pond NovAqua and Pond PolyAqua. Use caution when adding Pond AmQuel to water that has a poor buffer reserve (as indicated by problems maintaining a stable pH). Using Pond AmQuel in these conditions can cause a sudden lowering of pH. To prevent a pH drop, use either AmQuel Plus Buffers or Pond AmQuel+. Pond AmQuel may affect the dyes in certain types of cotton fabrics. This happens for the same reason that Ammonia test kits using the Nessler reagents do not work with Pond AmQuel or Pond AmQuel+. These products reduce the coloring agents used in the Nessler reaction test kits, and apparently in a very small selection of cotton based fabrics.

CONTRAINDICATIONS
Pond AmQuel should not be added to water containing active, therapeutic dosages of chemical dyes such as methylene blue, acriflavine, potassium permanganate or malachite green, since Pond AmQuel will interfere with their proper performance. Combining Pond AmQuel with these dyes will not result in toxic chemical by-products. Pond AmQuel is compatible to use with all water quality test kits except for the ammonia test kit that uses Nessler reagents that read in shades of amber or yellow, and the oxygen kit that uses Winkler reagents. Residual Pond AmQuel and its reaction products are incompatible with the Nessler and Winkler-type test reagents, resulting in false, high ammonia and low oxygen concentration readings. All other types of test kits produce accurate test results, such as ammonia test kits using salicylate-type reagents. Kordon's AquaTru Test Kit #35970 for salt water and #35980 for fresh water are recommended for accurate test results. Pond AmQuel will temporarily (for approximately 12 hours) lower redox. (For more information see "ABOUT CONDITIONERS")

TOXICITY Pond AmQuel is non-toxic when used as directed. Over the past twenty years thousands of species of freshwater and marine fishes, invertebrates and plants have been exposed to Pond AmQuel with no toxic effects. It does not reach toxic levels even in cases of accidental or purposeful overdosing. Pond AmQuel is non-toxic to humans and no special precautions are necessary in handling this product.

DRY AMQUEL + BUFFERS
There are two Dry AmQuel+Buffers products: no. 31643 4.5 oz, and no. 31648 10 oz. These products provide AmQuel with the buffers needed to keep the pH from becoming more acidic due to the acidity of the AmQuel formulation. (See also AmQuel+, which does not require buffering in its use).

PURE DRY AMQUEL
AmQuel is available in bulk pure dry form for professional and commercial use. See the section on AquaVet for listings and further information.

DIRECTIONS FOR USE:
As a general rule, when using tap water in which chlorine and chloramines are present, but not nitrites, nitrates or other organics -- then it is safe to use the less expensive Pond AmQuel. If there is the possibility of nitrites, nitrates and other organics being involved, then Pond AmQuel+ is recommended.

AQUARIUMS AND PONDS When using Pond AmQuel with tap water, add Pond AmQuel to water at the recommended dosage to remove ammonia, chlorine and chloramines. To fully condition tap water, add Pond NovAqua as well. Use Pond AmQuel or Pond AmQuel+ and Pond NovAqua each time a water change is made. If the tap water contains both ammonia and nitrite (this is becoming more common in public water supplies) then Pond AmQuel+ should be used instead of Pond AmQuel. Also see Pond AmQuel+ as to when it should be used.

FISH AND INVERTEBRATE SHIPPING AND HOLDING Pond AmQuel or Pond AmQuel+ and Pond NovAqua should be added to tap water used for shipping fish and invertebrates. If the fish are crowded or prone to bump into or abrade each other, Pond PolyAqua should be added to both the shipping water and the aquarium or holding tank after shipments are received. Pond NovAqua and Pond AmQuel, when used together, will reduce stress, osmotic and pH shock, probability of infection, and neutralize ammonia, chloramines, chlorine and heavy metals. Pond PolyAqua should be used to handle abrasions, bruises, and frayed fins of fishes.

FISH AND INVERTEBRATE FIELD COLLECTIONS
When using water from natural conditions for field collecting the use of Pond AmQuel in holding and shipping water will reduce stress in fishes and invertebrates due to ammonia intoxication. If fish will be held for days in containers, Pond AmQuel+ should be used, because it will remove (detoxify) nitrites and nitrates as well. In addition, Pond PolyAqua should be used in holding and shipping water for optimum protection against abrasions, bruises, and frayed fins in fishes.

Item:	Fluid Ounces	Treats:
31016	16oz	bottle - treats 960 gallons
31021	1 Gallon	jug - treats 7,693 gallons
31025	5 Gallons	box - treats 38,465 gallons

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